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Television Law & Regulation
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Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
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Self-Regulation of Media
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Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
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Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
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Media Ownership
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Community Radios
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Digital Television
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Intellectual Property
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Journalism
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Licensing of Media
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Democracy / Democratization and Media
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Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
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Media Concentration
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Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
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Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
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Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
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Media / Communication Control
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Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
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Public Service Broadcasting
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Television
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Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
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Creative & Cultural Industries
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Journalism Ethics
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Human Rights
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Freedom of Expression Principles
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Censorship
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Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
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Media Industries
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Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
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Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
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Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
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International Media & Communication Policies
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Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
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Plagiarism
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Community Radio Policies
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Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
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Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
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European Union (EU)
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Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
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Democracy
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Politics and Media
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Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
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UNESCO
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Media Governance
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Political Transition and Media
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Press
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Public Media, State Media
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Copyright: Books
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Open Licensing, Creative Commons, Public Domain
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Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
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Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
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Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
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Humanitarian Law
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Ethics in Media & Communication
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Media, Mass Media
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Media Law & Regulation: Muslim Countries
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Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
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Press Law & Regulation
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Financing Media, Financial Media Management
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Indigenous Knowledge, Local Knowledge, Traditional Knowledge
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Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
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Community Media Policies & Regulation
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Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
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History of Media & Communication
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World Information and Communication Order
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Tax Reductions for Media
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Internet Governance, Internet Policies
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Radio
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Government Advertising, State Advertising
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Copyright: Music
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Community Media Financing & Sustainability
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Cultural Policies
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Information Society
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Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
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Council of Europe
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Associations & Networks of Journalists
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Television Policies
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Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
6
Open Source Software
6
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
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Access to Media & Information
5
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
5
Copyright: Films
5
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
5
Government Communication Strategies
5
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
5
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
5
War Reporting
5
Music Industries & Markets
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Television Markets
5
Political Economy of Media
5
Globalisation of Media
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Satellite Television
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Journalists
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Media Assistance
5
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
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MDDA - Media Develoment and Diversity Agency (South Africa)
5
Press Landscapes
5
Human Rights Protection
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Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
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National Security Legislation
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Financing Public Service Media
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Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
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Public & State Television
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Civil Society
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Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
4
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
4
Community Television
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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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Defamation, Libel, Slander
4
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
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Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
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Female Journalists & Media Workers
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Good Practice Examples
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Mercosur
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Investigative Journalism
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Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
4
Radio Landscapes
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Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
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Media Regulation Practices
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Accountability & Transparency
4
Corruption & Combating Corruption
4
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
4
Advertising Law & Regulation
3
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
3
Book Markets & Industries
3
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
3
Film Industries
3
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
3
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
3
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
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Strategic Communication Planning
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Community Media
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Community Radio Setting-Up
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Community Television Policies & Regulation
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Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
3
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
3
Development and Media
3
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
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Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
3
Software Industries
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Racism in Communication & Media
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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
3
Media Markets
3
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
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History of the Press
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United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
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Election Reporting
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Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
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Local Communication & Media
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Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
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Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
3
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
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Media Democratization
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Television Landscapes
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Right to Reply, Right of Recitification
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Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
3
Theories of Change
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Digital Switchover
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Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
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Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
2
Advertising
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Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
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Media Use, Media Consumption
2
Book Rights, Publishing Contracts, Licenses
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Film Markets
2
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
2
Copyright: Software
2
Patents
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Performing Rights
2
Recording Rights
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Reprint Rights
2
Translation Rights
2
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
2
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
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Self-Censorship
2
State Influence on the Media
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Right to be Forgotten
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Alternative Communication & Media
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Community Radio Contents & Programming
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Community Radio & Gender
2
Community Radio Management
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Terrorism
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Conflicts and Media
2
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Cultural Diversity
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Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Convergence of Media
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Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
2
Economics of Media
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Informal Sector, Informal Economy
2
Radio Markets
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Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
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Press Councils
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Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
2
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
2
Indigenous Communication
2
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
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International News Flow
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International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
2
United Nations (UN)
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Financing Journalism
2
Journalism Education & Training
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Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
2
Television News
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Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Language Policies
2
Linguistic Diversity
2
Minority Languages
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Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
2
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
2
Media Development Indicators
2
Communication & Information Needs
2
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
2
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
2
Child Protection: Legislation & Regulation
2
Civil Rights
2
Customary Law
2
Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
2
Human Rights Violations
2
Judiciary & Penal System
2
Media Complaints / Sanctions Procedures
2
Religious Freedom
2
Transitional Justice
2
Financing Press & Print Media
2
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
2
Democratization
2
Influence of Media on Politics
2
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
2
Public Spheres
2
Newspapers
2
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
2
Commercial Radios
2
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
2
Social Aspects
2
Digital Radio
2
Telecommunications
2
Commercial Television
2
Television Channels
2
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
2
Flow of Information
1
Advertising Markets & Industries
1
Radio Advertising
1
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
1
Advocacy
1
Lobbying
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Media Use: Urban Populations
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
1
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
1
Campaigning
1
Political Campaigns
1
Catholic Radios
1
Children and Media
1
Children's Television Programmes
1
Christian Communication
1
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD)
1
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
1
Liberation Theologies
1
Cinema
1
Film Financing
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Copyright: Photos & Illustrations
1
Digital Rights Management
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Community Communication
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Radio Associations & Networks
1
Foro Argentino de Radios Comunitarias (FARCO)
1
Community Radio Governance & Ownership
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Participatory Communication
1
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
1
Holocaust
1
Civil Wars
1
War Crimes
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Media Criticism
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Culture (General)
1
Traditional Cultures
1
Development Assistance
1
Democracy Assistance
1
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
1
International Development Cooperation
1
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Spam & Scam
1
ICANN
1
Internet
1
Multimedia Products & Production
1
Online Communication
1
Political Blogging
1
Financing Digital / Online Media
1
Open Access Publishing
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
ICT Effects & Impact
1
ICT Regulation
1
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
1
Ethnic / Minority Television Programmes
1
Minority Rights
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Libraries
1
Commercial Broadcasting
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Press Distribution
1
Television Industries
1
Media Market Transparency
1
Press Markets
1
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
1
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
1
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
1
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
1
Market Liberalization, Economic Liberalization
1
Neoliberalism
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Taxes
1
Curricula: School Education
1
Instructional Media & Teaching Materials
1
Open Educational Resources (OER)
1
Training
1
Sports Reporting
1
Environmental Communication
1
Biodiversity Communication
1
Extractive Industries & Mining Reporting
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Countering Defamation & Harassment
1
Editorial Guidelines
1
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
1
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Bias in News Media
1
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
1
Food, Food Security, Nutrition
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
1
Tobacco Counter-Marketing, Smoking Cessation Campaigning, Nicotine Addiction Reporting
1
Colonial Legacies
1
History (General)
1
History of Telecommunication
1
History of Television
1
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
1
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Indigenous Rights, Indigenous Jurisdiction & Customary Law
1
Public Funding & Support Policies: Indigenous Communication
1
Intercultural Dialogue
1
European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
1
International Press Institute (IPI)
1
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
1
Transnational Television, International Television
1
Global Governance
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
1
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
1
Radio Journalism Education
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalistic Research Methods
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
News Agencies
1
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Reporting
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
Local Television
1
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
1
Media Assistance Donors: Multilateral Organizations
1
Media Assistance: Self-Regulation, Accountability & Transparency of Media
1
Netherlands: Media Assistance
1
Communication
1
Communication Systems
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
1
Dissemination of Information
1
Information Exchange
1
Social Communication
1
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
1
Media Privatization
1
Radio Policies
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Media System Analyses & Typologies
1
Socialist Media Systems
1
Accreditation of Journalists
1
Consumer Protection
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Media Content Regulation
1
Nationalisation of Media
1
Rule of Law
1
Broadcasting Companies
1
Organisational & Governing Structures of Media
1
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
1
Media Outlets, Media Associations
1
Asociación de Radios y Programas Participativos de El Salvador (ARPAS)
1
PRISA (Spain)
1
Music
1
Music Videos
1
Pop Music
1
Radio Music
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Politics
1
Governance
1
Government
1
Capitalism
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Public Interest
1
Agenda Setting
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Propaganda
1
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
1
Yellow Press
1
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
1
Project Design, Project Planning
1
Public & State Radios
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Radio Networks
1
Radio Engineering & Technologies
1
Media Effects
1
Oppression
1
Manipulation
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Confucianism
1
Hinduism and Communication
1
Islam and Communication
1
Judaism and Communication
1
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
1
Research in Media & Communication
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Research Methods
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Indicators & Indices
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Freedom of the Press Index (Freedom House)
1
Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
1
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
1
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
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Society
1
Civic Coalitions
1
Apartheid
1
Participation
1
Social Justice
1
Society & Media, Media Sociology
1
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
1
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Satellite Communication Technologies
1
Satellites
1
Software
1
Television Engineering & Technologies
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Pay TV, Pay Television
1
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
1
Television Programmes & Genres
1
Cultural Television Programmes
1
Non-Western Communication Approaches
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type

Is There a Global Norm for the Protection of Journalists’ Sources?

In: Regardless of Frontiers: Global Freedom of Expression in a Troubled World
Agnès Callamard, Lee Bollinger (eds.)
New York: Colombia University Press (2021), pp. 116-142
"People frequently provide journalists with information to report to the public. Some don't want their identity revealed. This chapter is about the rules that protect journalists from being compelled to reveal the identities of such people. It examines wether there is a global norm that journalists' ... more
"Free speech and freedom of the media are essential to the functioning of democratic systems. However, recent decades have brought phenomena that pose a threat to media freedom. The author analyzed threats to media freedom and journalist’s security regarding resolution 2317 (2020) of the Parliamen ... more
"War journalism, by the nature of its work, is arguably one of the most dangerous professions in the world. Journalists working in conflict-prone areas are constantly exposed to the inherent threats of the battlefield. Over the period of time, there has been a number of attacks, assaults, and arrest ... more
"Le journalisme congolais se pratique dans un contexte délicat qui allie la liberté d’informer, les contraintes qu’appelle le respect des lois et règlements ainsi qu’une véritable prise de conscience de la responsabilité des acteurs et des instances médiatiques. C’est pourquoi la prati ... more

Media Law Handbook for Southern Africa, Vol. 1

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS), 2nd ed. (2021), xl, 416 pp.
"Media Laws on the African continent have been amended, revised and rewritten since the first edition of the SADC Media Law Handbook was first published nearly a decade ago. The reasons for new media laws range from the advent of social media to the realisation of the powers-that-be that, with new t ... more

Media Law Handbook for Southern Africa, Vol. 2

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS), 2nd ed. (2021), xxxv, 334 pp.

Media Law Handbook for Southern Africa, Vol. 3

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS), 2nd ed. (2021), xi, 286 pp.
"This volume brings together leading experts from a variety of fields to critically evaluate the extent to which global norms on freedom of expression and information have been established and which actors and institutions have contributed to their diffusion. The contributors also consider ongoing a ... more

Unlocking the Investigative Potential of Freedom of Information Acts

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2021), 27 pp.
"Experts say having a law for access to public information is important to enhance public transparency, but it’s only the starting point in the battle against state secrecy. How can journalists benefit from such laws and why should the news media care about it? This paper is divided into four part ... more

Medios comunitarios: Su relevancia como ejercicio de la libertad de expresión

Montevideo: Oficina Regional para América del Sur Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos (IIDH); Observacom (2021), 177 pp.
"El Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, desde su Oficina Regional para América del Sur, en conjunto con OBSERVACOM, una organización no gubernamental regional con sede en Montevideo, presentan este trabajo con un objetivo muy sencillo: recapitular los trabajos que se hicieron en relació ... more
"En el controvertido escenario de transición de los gobiernos kirchneristas al triunfo de la alianza Cambiemos y la relación entre medios de comunicación y política en la Argentina, se escribieron los artículos de este volumen. En la primera parte, autoras y autores problematizan las miradas so ... more

Are Whistleblowing Laws Working? A Global Study of Whistleblower Protection Litigation

International Bar Association; Government Accountability Project (2021), 81 pp.
"There are three imperatives for advancing whistleblower protection: (1) to draft and enact comprehensive antiretaliation laws that reflect global best practices by learning from and acting on mistakes or omissions in less sophisticated pioneer laws; (2) to turn paper rights into reality by ensuring ... more

Teaching Media Policy in Africa: A Handbook for Educators

Windhoek: Namibia Media Trust (2021), 149 pp.
"This handbook enables media educators throughout Africa to raise awareness and impact the media ecology on a national and regional basis. National, regional and international media environments are crucial for the attainment of the sustainable development and the protection of human rights. This is ... more

National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Serbia

Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 26 pp.
"In the process of accession to the European Union, Serbia is harmonizing laws with the EU legislation. In this process, the majority of regulations related to the prevention of hate speech and the spread of disinformation generally meet standards or are in the process of being amended. This factshe ... more

Staatliche Medienförderung: Begriffsverständnis, theoretische Zugänge und Praxen in der DACH-Region

In: Handbuch Medienökonomie
Jan Krone, Tassilo Pellegrini (eds.)
Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2021), 29 pp.
"Staatliche Medienförderung gilt als Instrument der Medienpolitik und bedeutet in der Regel die fortwährende finanzielle Unterstützung von Medieninhabern zur Produktion und dem Vertrieb von Medieninhalten und -projekten. Staatliche Medienförderung kann viele Formen annehmen, meint aber vorwiegen ... more

Derecho a la comunicación en América Latina

Santaigo de Cali; Guadalajara: Asociación de Universidades Confiadas a la Compañía de Jesús en América Latina (AUSJAL); Sello Editorial Javeriano Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente (ITESO) (2021), 287 pp.
"[...] el libro propone un diálogo a partir de tres categorías, a saber: 1) las limitaciones al acceso a la información y sus impactos en la vida política; 2) el régimen jurídico de la comunicación; y 3) los medios de comunicación y la representación política. Esta perspectiva, nos ayuda a ... more
"This working paper argues that business models capable of supporting independent media are decreasingly available, that media markets are increasingly fertile territory for government co-option and that alternative sources of revenue for independent media are scarce." (Page 3)